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- 1Learners will recall the four basic flowchart symbols and identify their meanings in solving step-by-step problems
- 2Display the four basic flowchart symbols (start-stop oval, input-output parallelogram, process rectangle, decision diamond) on the projector. Ask learners to call out what each symbol means and write their answers in their exercise books
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- USING FLOWCHART SYMBOLS TO SHOW SEQUENCE, SELECTION, AND ITERATION
- 1Write on the board: Ama buys kenkey at Makola Market and wants to check if each bundle costs less than GH₵2. Using the projector, display a flowchart with the four symbols arranged in order: Start → Input (price) → Decision (is price < GH₵2?) → Process (accept or reject). Ask learners to identify which symbols show sequence (the arrows connecting them in order), which symbol shows selection (the diamond for the price check), and explain that sequence means doing steps one after another. Learners copy the flowchart and label each symbol in their books
- 2Introduce iteration by adding a loop to the flowchart: after the decision, draw an arrow back to Input to check another bundle. Explain that iteration means repeating steps. Using the textbook examples, show learners a second flowchart where a farmer plants yams repeatedly until the field is full (loop back to plant again). Ask learners to draw their own simple iteration flowchart for a trotro driver who picks up passengers at each stop until the vehicle is full, using the four symbols correctly
- 3Struggling learners: provide a partially completed flowchart template with symbol names already labelled; they only need to add arrows and understand the flow direction.
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- 1Computer/Laptop
- 2Projector
- 3Textbook
- 4Exercise books
- 5Whiteboard and markers
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- 1Display three flowcharts on the projector (one showing sequence only, one showing sequence with selection, one showing iteration with a loop). Ask learners to raise their hand and identify which flowchart shows a loop, which shows a decision, and which shows steps in order
- 2Ask pairs to whisper one example of where they have seen repetition (iteration) in real life — such as washing dishes, sweeping the floor, or serving customers at a chop bar — and one volunteer from a pair shares their example aloud while you connect it to the loop symbol
Exercise
- 1Draw a simple flowchart showing Yakubu collecting eggs from his chicken coop, checking if each egg is good or broken (selection), and putting good eggs in a basket until the basket is full (iteration). Label the start, input, decision, and process symbols. Write one sentence describing whether this flowchart shows sequence, selection, iteration, or all three in their exercise books.
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