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Science · B8

2 · Week 10 · 1.00 credits · GHS 0.50

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Lesson Note - Science

Standalone Teacher

Weekly Lesson Plan

JHS 2 (B8) · 2

Science

Lesson 1 of 3

Week Ending

Friday, 13 Mar 2026 Backdated

Week & Term

Week 10 · 2

Class Teacher

Habibatu Annan

Subject

Science

Class

JHS 2 (B8)

Class Size

Duration

30 mins

Week No.

Week 10

Content Standard & Indicator

B8.1.2.1.1

Content Standard

Demonstrate an understanding of the types of cells and their structure in relation to different organisms

Indicator

Examine and describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Performance Indicator

Examine and describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells by comparing their key cellular components

Core Competencies

Key Words

Teaching / Learning Resources (TLR)

References

Lesson Activities by Day

Date	Phase 1: Starter (7 mins) Preparing the brain	Phase 2: Main (20 mins) New learning + assessment	Resources	Phase 3: Plenary (6 mins) Reflection + exercise
Fri 13 Mar 2026	1Recall the basic definition of a cell and identify whether a given organism contains prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells 2Display a chart showing a bacterium and a human cheek cell side by side without labels. Ask learners: Which one do you think has a nucleus inside? Raise your hand with your answer. Listen to 3 responses from Kofi, Ama, and Kwesi, then say: We will find out today whether you were correct. 3Ask learners to recall from previous lessons: What is the smallest living unit of all living things? Accept answers (cell). Write 'CELL' on the board and underline it. Ask: Can you name one organism you learned about that is made of cells? Learners whisper answers to their partner. Call on Abena to share aloud. Confirm cells are found in all living organisms.	IDENTIFYING PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURES USING THE SCIENCE KIT 1Display the Science kit/specimens showing a prepared slide of a bacterial cell (prokaryotic) and a cheek cell (eukaryotic). Distribute hand lenses to pairs. Instruct: Look at each specimen under the hand lens for 2 minutes. On your diagram in your exercise book, draw what you see in both cells. Include any circular or oval structure you observe inside. After drawing, ask: Which cell has a round structure inside it? Circle your answer. 2Using the Chart/diagram of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells from the Textbook, point to the nucleus in the eukaryotic cell. Say: This is called a nucleus. It contains the instructions for the cell. Now point to the prokaryotic cell chart. Say: This cell does NOT have a nucleus. This is the main difference. Ask learners in pairs: Can you spot 3 other parts on the eukaryotic cell chart that the prokaryotic cell does not have? Learners list them in their books and share with a neighbouring pair. 3Give each learner a partially labelled diagram of both cell types (nucleus unlabelled, cell membrane unlabelled, cytoplasm unlabelled). Say: Fill in the missing labels using the chart and diagram from the Textbook. You have 4 minutes. When done, compare your labels with Yaw's book next to you. Correct any mistakes together. 4Learners may struggle to see organelles in specimens. Use the Chart/diagram as the reference model. Pair weaker learners with stronger peers during label comparison. COMPARING AND CONTRASTING PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS 5Draw a Venn diagram on the board with two overlapping circles labelled 'Prokaryotic' and 'Eukaryotic'. Say: We are going to compare these two cell types. Read this statement: 'Both cell types have a cell membrane that controls what enters and leaves.' Write this in the overlapping section. Ask learners: Is this true for both? Why? Accept responses. Then read: 'Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.' Write this in the Eukaryotic circle only. Ask Kwame: Can a bacterium (prokaryotic) have a nucleus? (Answer: No). Say: Correct. Bacteria are prokaryotic and have NO nucleus. 6Provide learners with a comparison table (from the Textbook) with rows for: presence of nucleus, presence of organelles, size, and examples of organisms. Leave the 'Eukaryotic' column blank. Say: Complete the Eukaryotic column using the Science kit/specimens chart and your knowledge. You have 5 minutes. Example for nucleus row: 'Present (contains DNA)'. Learners complete individually, then compare answers with Efua sitting nearby. 7Ask learners: Why do you think eukaryotic cells have a nucleus but prokaryotic cells do not? Turn to your partner and discuss for 1 minute. Call on Kofi and Adwoa to share their ideas. Affirm: The nucleus protects the DNA in eukaryotic cells, which are usually larger and more complex. Bacteria are smaller and simpler, so they don't need a nucleus. 8Use concrete examples: bacteria (prokaryotic) cause infections; human cells (eukaryotic) make up your body. Help learners see why the difference matters biologically.	1Science kit/specimens (bacterial slide and cheek cell slide) 2Chart/diagram (prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure) 3Textbook (pages showing cell diagrams and comparison table) 4Hand lenses 5Exercise books 6Pencils 7Venn diagram template (drawn on board or printed)	1Display the Chart/diagram one more time. Point to a random organelle in the eukaryotic cell (e.g., mitochondrion) and ask: Is this found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells or only in eukaryotic? Learners respond by holding up one finger (prokaryotic only) or two fingers (eukaryotic only). Correct misconceptions immediately using the chart. 2Ask learners: Turn to your partner. Explain in 2 sentences why a human cell is eukaryotic and a bacterium is prokaryotic. Use the word 'nucleus' in your explanation. Listen to Sena and Yakubu explain their answer aloud. Affirm correct use of vocabulary. Exercise 1Using the Science kit/specimens diagram and the Textbook chart, examine the two cells shown below. (1) Which cell is prokaryotic? (2) Write one reason you chose that cell. (3) List two structures found in the eukaryotic cell that are NOT found in the prokaryotic cell. [Measurable: Learners must correctly identify the prokaryotic cell, state absence of nucleus as the reason, and list at least one correct organelle difference such as mitochondrion or endoplasmic reticulum.]

Class Teacher

Habibatu Annan

Head Teacher

Signature & Date

SISO / Circuit Supervisor

Signature & Date

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