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- 1Identify the key features that define fourth-generation computers.
- 2Ask learners to name any computer or device they use at home; write responses on board.
- 3Show picture of a laptop on projector and ask: What is inside that makes it work so fast?
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- FEATURES OF FOURTH-GENERATION COMPUTERS
- 1Display timeline on projector showing computer generations; learners read textbook page on fourth-generation features and write down 3 features (e.g. microchip, VLSI technology, affordable price).
- 2Pair learners to compare their 3 features and circle the common ones.
- 3A volunteer reads one feature aloud; class confirms by showing thumbs up.
- IDENTIFYING MICROCHIPS AND PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE
- 4Show enlarged picture of a microchip on projector using Internet connection; ask: What do you see? What do you think it does?
- 5Learners sketch the microchip shape in exercise books and label 5 parts shown on the image.
- 6Ask a learner who finished early to explain to the class why a microchip is important in fourth-generation computers.
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- 1Computer/Laptop
- 2Projector
- 3Textbook
- 4Internet connection
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- 1Learners whisper one feature of fourth-generation computers to their partner and partner repeats it back.
- 2Show 3 pictures (older phone, smartphone, laptop) on projector; learners point to which is fourth-generation and why.
Exercise
- 1Write one sentence: What is a microchip and why is it used in fourth-generation computers?
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- 1Demonstrate understanding of how input devices are used to enter data into a computer.
- 2Ask: What did you use to turn on your computer at home—a button, a switch, or voice? Write answers on board.
- 3Show 10-second video clip on projector of a barcode scanner being used at Makola Market checkout; ask learners to describe what they saw.
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- TYPES AND USES OF INPUT DEVICES
- 1Display 4 pictures on projector: wireless keyboard, wireless mouse, touchscreen, barcode scanner; learners read textbook section and match each picture to its use (e.g. typing, scanning, selecting, touching).
- 2Learners write the name and one use of each device in their exercise books.
- 3Ask one learner from each row to hold up their answer card.
- MANUAL AND AUTOMATIC INPUT DEVICES
- 4Draw two columns on board: 'Manual' and 'Automatic'; show 6 input device pictures on projector and ask learners to classify each by shouting 'Manual!' or 'Automatic!' for each one.
- 5Learners copy the two columns in their books and list 2 manual devices (keyboard, mouse) and 2 automatic devices (barcode scanner, touchscreen).
- 6Pairs compare their lists; any differences discussed with the teacher.
- ADVANTAGES AND REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS
- 7Give scenario: Yakubu works as a trotro driver and wants to track passenger fares with a computer; which input device should he use? Learners write answer and reason.
- 8Ask a learner who chose barcode scanner to explain their thinking to the class.
- 9Learners find one more Ghanaian workplace (farm, market, hospital, school) and suggest an input device for that workplace.
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- 1Computer/Laptop
- 2Projector
- 3Textbook
- 4Internet connection
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- 1Learners show fingers 1–5 to rate their confidence in naming 5 input devices.
- 2Pairs quiz each other: One partner names a device, the other says if it is manual or automatic.
Exercise
- 1List 3 input devices and write one advantage of each in a real Ghanaian workplace.
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- 1Examine the uses and features of output devices in real-world scenarios.
- 2Ask learners: When you watch a film on a projector in school, what device shows the picture? Write device names on board.
- 3Show 15-second video on projector of a graphing plotter drawing a map; ask: What is the machine doing and why?
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- TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF OUTPUT DEVICES
- 1Display 4 pictures on projector: data projector, multimedia projector, pico projector, graphing plotter; learners read textbook and write what each device outputs (image, sound, data, graph).
- 2Learners match each device to a Ghanaian workplace: classroom (multimedia projector), small office (pico projector), technical drawing (plotter), cinema (projector).
- 3A volunteer from the group that finished first presents one match to the class.
- COMPARING OUTPUT DEVICES: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
- 4Create comparison table on board with 3 rows (Projector, Plotter, Pico Projector) and 2 columns (Advantage, Disadvantage); learners copy and complete using textbook examples.
- 5Learners evaluate: Which output device is best for Ama's small tailoring shop for displaying designs? Learners write their choice with 1 reason.
- 6Ask learners who chose different devices to respectfully debate why their choice is better.
- REAL-WORLD USES AND PROBLEM-SOLVING
- 7Scenario: A school principal needs to show exam results to 200 learners in the hall; which output device fits best? Learners discuss in pairs and write 1 sentence answer.
- 8Extension: Design a Ghanaian business (e.g. graphics design studio, hospital, engineering firm) and choose 2 output devices it needs; learners sketch and label.
- 9Ask a learner who struggled with the starter to attempt this scenario first with teacher support.
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- 1Computer/Laptop
- 2Projector
- 3Textbook
- 4Internet connection
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- 1Learners repeat chorally 3 times: 'Projectors output light, plotters output drawings, all output devices show computer data.'
- 2Thumbs up if you can name 3 output devices; thumbs sideways if you can name 2; thumbs down if you need more practice.
Exercise
- 1Name 2 output devices and explain 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of each in a workplace you know in Ghana.
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